制造系统自动化
概述
制造系统自动化集成了软件和机械,使制造过程通过计算机编程自主运行。制造系统自动化的目标是最大限度地减少制造过程中所需的人工协助。这些系统提供恒定的反馈回路并根据安装在机器上的 PLC 和智能传感器的反馈调整控制参数。传感器通常嵌入在新设备中,也可以安装在旧设备上。自动化已经通过各种方式实现,包括机械、液压、气动、电气、电子设备和计算机,通常是结合使用。自动化的好处包括降低与劳动力、电力、水、天然气和废料相关的成本,以及提高质量、准确性和精度。制造系统自动化还可以减少转换时间,从而实现小批量生产和大规模定制。
适用行业
- 汽车
- 设备与机械
适用功能
- 离散制造
- 产品开发
- 质量保证
市场规模
商业观点
自动化制造系统如何提供商业价值?
● 员工更安全
● 提高生产力(24/7 运行时间)
● 提高产品质量
● 更高的收益
● 更准确的数据采集
自动化工业系统不仅提高了生产能力,而且提高了生产质量,同时提高了操作设备的员工的安全性。这些系统还可以配置为提供更准确的数据,以优化薄弱环节并大大减少人为错误导致的产品缺陷。
微电网有什么好处?
为电网的最终用户和运营商提供电能质量、可靠性和安全性
加强分布式能源和可再生能源的整合
具有成本竞争力和效率
实现智能电网技术集成
本地控制的电能质量
通过最大限度地利用当地清洁能源发电,最大限度地减少碳足迹和温室气体排放
增加客户(最终用户)参与度
技术观点
制造技术的最新趋势是什么?
新的制造技术不断涌现。近年来的一些最大趋势包括:
- 3D 打印:几乎可以使用金属、塑料和其他材料制造任何组件,缩短交货时间并简化从设计到生产的流程
- 云服务:从任何位置快速有效地实现数据和服务的虚拟共享
- 物联网 (IoT):不仅改变消费市场,还改变制造过程中使用的电子设备的维护和保养
- 纳米技术:实现更快的计算机处理、更长的产品生命周期和超精密制造,以及空间工程和生物技术等领域的开创性进步
- 先进的数据分析和预测技术:在制造过程中实现更好的过程控制、缺陷预防和更快的响应时间
- 工业机器人:通过自动化困难或单调的任务,提供提高生产力、提高质量和降低成本的方法。
部署挑战
制造系统自动化面临的最大挑战是什么?
● 初始投资成本
实施自动化制造系统只有一个真正的缺点,那就是初始成本。这包括机器成本和实施自动化编程以及培训员工以管理这些新系统。然而,这项投资的投资回报率通常会在几年内收回成本。
案例研究.
Case Study
Keeping Product Development Cycles on the Fast Track
By network-enabling industrial automation equipment, important tasks such as uploading/downloading programs, communicating between controllers, and generating e-mail alerts become possible. Unfortunately, the resources needed to design a solution that can seamlessly tie together a wide diversity of network environments that are widely dispersed, plus rapildly deploy that solution, can present a costly challenge to many equipment manufacturers. Virtually all of Rockwell Automation’s customers have widely dispersed and disparate network environments with a mix of 10Mb and 100Mb Ethernet devices. Having connectivity that would seamlessly accommodate either Ethernet standard became a necessity. Therefore, the company determined that a 10/100Mb Ethernet auto switching capability was required for the ENI interface. Two significant challenges faced the Rockwell design team. First, the small “footprint” of the ENI packaging made the task of finding a networking solution that would fit into the product design very daunting. In addition, time-to-market was a driving factor. In a highly competitive market, Rockwell Automation needed to deliver their network enabled controller products as quickly as possible, and could not afford long development cycles to integrate networking capabilities.
Case Study
Automated Inspection of Axial Piston Motors
Earth moving machines require an immense energy source to provide the power they need for use within civil engineering works. ‘Hydraulic Motors’ allow this power to be applied to enable the machines movement and in addition ‘Control Valves’ also provide the operator with the precise feel and control required to undertake the necessary tasks needed for such machines, including trenching, rock breaking and demolition. These same motors are also used in cranes, wheel loaders and general construction equipment. Though not a new product, the designs of such motors and control valves have been around a few decades, the overall method for manufacture has changed rapidly over the last few years to take account of the need for more modular designs, manufacture and just-in-time manufacturing. Kawasaki Precision Machinery (UK) Ltd based in Plymouth, UK is one of the leading manufacturers of such motors and pumps. They approached Industrial Vision Systems Ltd to come up with a solution to provide automated inspection of such pumps for their semi-automated assembly process. The pumps requiring inspection are at a sub-assembly stage when they are due for the inspection process to take place. Due to the highly modular nature of the construction each part of the pump can have many different derivatives which overall have a different effect on the pump in industrial use. It is therefore critical for the manufacturing process to check all components are the correct type and number for the construction of the pump to begin. Once built it is difficult and costly to rework such units if a fault is detected later in the manufacturing process, therefore automated visual inspection is critical for the success in building quality motors and pumps.